do glp 1 drugs cause muscle loss Applied Hidden Risks of GLP-1 Inhibitors:

FDA (2024)

In human kidney proximal tubular cells, 26 the DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin reduces the transcription and expression of phosphorylated smad2 and fibronectin by inhibiting the activation of TGF1 induced by high glucose

Two studies (25%) employed non-randomized designs

Duell PB, Welty FK, Miller M et al (2022) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association

LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial Multi-receptor agonists that target the glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptors may improve outcomes in type 2 diabetes because this condition is linked to hyperglycemia and obesity